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3F4002 221814Z /38
O 221810Z APR 94
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5881
INFO AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS IMMEDIATE
WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC PRIORITY
JOINT STAFF WASHDC PRIORITY
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ROME
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI
AMEMBASSY DHAKA
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 USUN NEW YORK 001696
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DEPT FOR AF/C, IO/UNP, AND IO/PHO;
WHITEHOUSE PASS TO NSC FOR RICE, SCHWARTZ, AND DESHAZER;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
E.0.12356: DECL:12/31/99
TAGS: PHUM, PREF, PINS, PREL, MOPS, PGOV, RW, UNSC
SUBJECT: RWANDAN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDER MUJAWAMARIYA
CALLS ON AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT, URGES CONTINUATION OF
UNAMIR PRESENCE IN RWANDA
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE
REVIEW AUTHORITY: JOHN L MILLS
DATE/CASE ID: 05 NOV 2008 200103014
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
1. CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT.
2.. SUMMARY: MONIQUE MUJAWAMARIYA AND HUMAN RIGHTS
WATCH OFFICIALS ROTH AND DES FORGES CALLED ON AMBASSADOR
ALBRIGHT AND AMBASSADOR INDERFURTH TO THANK THE USG FOR
ITS ASSISTANCE IN RWANDA AND TO PLEA FOR THE
CONTINUATION OF UNAMIR PRESENCE IN COUNTRY. SHE AND DES
FORGES SAID THAT THE LEVEL OF THREAT AGAINST THE BLUE
HELMETS WAS TOLERABLE, AND THAT THEIR WITHDRAWAL COULD
LEAD TO THE DEATHS OF 20 - 30,000 RWANDANS NOW UNDER
THEIR PROTECTION AND TO THE SPREAD OF FIGHTING
THROUGHOUT CENTRAL AFRICA. SHE URGED UN AND/OR OAU
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INVOLVEMENT IN ARRANGING A CEASE FIRE AND ISOLATING AND
CONTROLLING WHAT SHE SAID WERE THE THREE KEY MILITARY
OFFICERS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CAMPAIGN OF ATROCITIES.
ROTH GAVE AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT A COPY OF A LETTER TO SC
PRESIDENT KEATING CONTAINING THE NAMES OF THE THREE
OFFICERS AND DEALING WITH OTHER ASPECTS OF THE CRISIS IN
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RWANDA, WHICH ALLEGEDLY CONSTITUTES GENOCIDE.
MUJAWAMARIYA WILL SEEK MEETINGS WITH A/S'S MOOSE AND
SHATTUCK AND WITH NSC OFFICIALS IN WASHINGTON.
3. AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT EXPRESSED HER DEEP RESPECT AND
APPRECIATION FOR MUJAWAMARIYA'S ROLE AND HER PERSONAL
SUFFERING AND THAT OF HER COUNTRY. SHE ALSO NOTED THE
COMPLEXITY OF THE SITUATION THAT MUST BE ADDRESSED
BEFORE THE SECURITY COUNCIL CAN DECIDE NEXT STEPS FOR
RWANDA. END SUMMARY.
4. RWANDAN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDER MONIQUE MUJAWAMARIYA
(MM), ACCOMPANIED BY HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH (HRW) EXECUTIVE
DIRECTOR KENNETH ROTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH AFRICA
DIVISION OFFICER ALISON DES FORGES (ADF -- ALSO A
PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK
AT BUFFALO), CALLED ON AMBS ALBRIGHT AND INDERFURTH
APRIL 21.
5. MM EXPRESSED HER APPRECIATION FOR THE HELP OF THE
USG AND AMBASSADOR INDERFURTH IN PARTICULAR IN ASSISTING
HER EVACUATION FROM KIGALI. SHE SAID SHE IS MEETING
WITH NUMEROUS UN AND MISSION OFFICIALS IN A SHORT NEW
YORK TRIP IN ORDER TO IMPRESS ON THEM THE NECESSITY FOR
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UNCLASSIFIED
UNAMIR TO REMAIN IN RWANDA. CITING THE INFLUENCE THE
U.S. HAS IN THE UN, SHE APPEALED TO AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT
TO TAKE THIS POSITION IN THE SECURITY COUNCIL. IF
UNAMIR LEAVES, SHE CONTINUED, THE 30,000 RWANDANS NOW
UNDER UN PROTECTION IN A HOTEL (MERIDIEN), HOSPITAL
(KING FAISAL), AND (AMAHORO) SOCCER STADIUM WILL SURELY
BE KILLED.
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6. AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT REPLIED THAT THE U.S. HAD BEEN
GREATLY CONCERNED FOR MM'S SAFETY AND THAT SHE WAS VERY
PLEASED TO SEE HER WELL IN NEW YORK. SHE EXPRESSED
REGRET FOR THE CURRENT SITUATION IN RWANDA. IN REPLY TO
MM'S APPEAL, SHE NOTED U.S. CONCERN FOR THE SAFETY OF UN
FORCES. THE U.S. IS VERY AWARE OF THE DANGERS POSED TO
MANY RWANDANS, BUT WE MUST ALSO CONSIDER VERY CAREFULLY
THE POSSIBILITY OF A MASSACRE OF UN TROOPS IF THEY
REMAIN.
7. DES FORGES RESPONDED THAT, SINCE THE KILLING OF THE
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TEN BELGIAN BLUE HELMETS WHO WERE PROTECTING THE RWANDAN
PRIME MINISTER AT THE BEGINNING OF THE RECENT CRISIS,
THERE HAS BEEN LITTLE THREAT TO THE SAFETY OF THE UNAMIR
TROOPS. SHE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THERE IS
ALWAYS A RISK,
BUT THIS RISK MUST BE WEIGHED AGAINST THE CERTAINTY OF
MASSIVE MURDER OF THE RWANDANS CURRENTLY BEING PROTECTED
BY THE TROOPS.
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WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC PRIORITY
JOINT STAFF WASHDC PRIORITY
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ROME
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI
AMEMBASSY DHAKA
CONFIDENTIALSECTION 02 OF 03 USUN NEW YORK 001696
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DEPT FOR AF/C, IO/UNP, AND IO/PHO;
WHITEHOUSE PASS TO NSC FOR RICE, SCHWARTZ, AND DESHAZER;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
E.0.12356: DECL:12/31/99
TAGS: PHUM, PREF, PINS, PREL, MOPS, PGOV, RW, UNSC
SUBJECT: RWANDAN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDER MUJAWAMARIYA
CALLS ON AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT, URGES CONTINUATION OF
UNAMIR PRESENCE IN RWANDA
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
8. NOTING THAT HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH DOES NOT USE THE TERM
LIGHTLY, DF WENT ON TO CHARGE THAT THE SYSTEMATIC
CAMPAIGN BY THE RWANDAN ARMED FORCES TO ELIMINATE THE
TUTSI CONSTITUTES GENOCIDE, CITING RADIO BROADCASTS
URGING HUTUS TO TAKE UP ARMS SO THAT "YOUR CHILDREN WILL
NOT EVEN KNOW WHAT A TUTSI IS." SHE ALSO POINTED TO
THREATS TO ERADICATE THE PYGMIES, WHICH CONSTITUTE LESS
THAN ONE PER CENT OF THE POPULATION.
9. DF THEN REFERRED TO THE SITUATION IN SOUTHERN AND
SOUTHWESTERN RWANDA, WHERE THE BORDERS WITH BURUNDI AND
ZAIRE ARE CLOSED. THIS EFFECTIVELY TRAPS A LARGE NUMBER
OF DISPLACED PERSONS IN TWO OR THREE POCKETS, WITH NO
PLACE TO GO. THE MODERATE GOVERNOR OF THE REGION
(JEAN-BAPTISTE HABYALIMANA OF BUTARE PROVINCE), WHO HAD
SUCCEEDED IN MAINTAINING PEACE, HAS JUST BEEN REPLACED
BY A MILITARY MAN.
10.
TO AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT'S QUESTION ABOUT WHAT CAN BE
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DONE, MM ARGUED THAT THERE ARE STILL MODERATE OPPOSITION
LEADERS IN HIDING AND THAT A GOVERNMENT BASED ON THE
ARUSHA ACCORDS IS POSSIBLE. SHE SAID THE UN SHOULD
ATTEMPT TO RESCUE THOSE NOT INVOLVED IN THE KILLING AND
HELP PUT TOGETHER A MULTI-TENDENCY PARTY. SHE ASSERTED
THAT ISOLATING THE WORST LEADERS WOULD NOT BE DIFFICULT,
CLAIMING THAT THE KILLINGS WERE SO WELL PLANNED AND
ORGANIZED THAT ONLY A RELATIVE HANDFUL OF SPECIALLY
RECRUITED AND PAID MILITIA WERE NECESSARY TO CARRY THEM
OUT. (SHE SAID THAT IN HER NEIGHBORHOOD, FOR EXAMPLE,
SIX WELL-ARMED MEN WITH NEW MAPS INDICATING WHERE THEIR
VICTIMS LIVED EXECUTED OVER 200 PERSONS.)
11. ADF INTERJECTED THAT THERE ARE TWO LEVELS OF
VIOLENCE: FIRST, BETWEEN THE TWO ARMIES -- AND THIS CAN
BE STOPPED BY A CEASE FIRE. ONCE THE CEASE FIRE IS
ARRANGED, THEN SOMEONE (SHE DID NOT SAY WHO) SHOULD SEEK
OUT THE SMALL GROUP OF MILITARY OFFICERS RESPONSIBLE FOR
THE SECOND LEVEL OF VIOLENCE -- AGAINST THE TUTSIS AND
OTHER OPPONENTS OF THE MILITARY. SHE SAID THIS CAMPAIGN
SHOULD BEGIN BY SEEKING OUT THREE MILITARY OFFICERS SHE
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AND MM BELIEVE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR MOST OF THIS VIOLENCE
(IDENTIFIED IN THE HRW LETTER AS COL BAGOSORA, COL
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
AUGUSTIN BIZIMUNGU AND CAPTAIN PASQUAL SIMBIKANGWA).
12. ADF ALSO CALLED FOR OTHER INTERNATIONAL PRESSURE.
FIRST OF ALL, INFLUENTIAL AFRICAN LEADERS SHOULD LET THE
RWANDAN MILITARY KNOW THAT ANY GOVERNMENT THEY LEAD WILL
NEVER HAVE THE RESPECT OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
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(SHE SAID THAT FRANCE, USA, BELGIUM, CANADA, AND
SWITZERLAND SHOULD ALSO UNDERLINE THIS POINT); SECOND,
THE OAU SHOULD HAVE A GREATER ROLE; THIRD, THE
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY SHOULD RECOGNIZE THAT SANCTIONS
ONLY TOUCH THE PEOPLE -- NOT THE KILLERS; FINALLY, THE
SYG SHOULD CONSIDER NAMING ANOTHER, HIGHER RANKING,
ENVOY TO RWANDA (OTHER THAN BOOH-BOOH). ALTHOUGH SHE
PRAISED THE EFFORTS OF PRESIDENT MWINYI OF TANZANIA, SHE
SAID THE UN FOR ITS PART SHOULD NAME SOMEONE HIGHER.
THE WORLD COMMUNITY MUST UNDERSTAND THAT IF IT DOES NOT
ACT, THE VIOLENCE COULD SPILL OVER INTO BURUNDI, ZAIRE
AND THE REST OF CENTRAL AFRICA.
13. MM ADDED HER VIEW THAT THE PRESENCE OF UNAMIR
TROOPS WOULD INTIMIDATE THE MILITARY LEADERS. THEY
CANNOT FIGHT UNAMIR BECAUSE THEIR TROOPS ARE AFRAID AND
ARE NOT WELL TRAINED.
14. ROTH THEN GAVE A COPY OF THE HRW LETTER TO SC
PRESIDENT KEATING TO AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT (COPY FAXED TO
AF/C AND IO/DHS).
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3F401E 221815Z /38
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FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5883
INFO AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS IMMEDIATE
WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC PRIORITY
JOINT STAFF WASHDC PRIORITY
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ROME
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI
AMEMBASSY DHAKA
CONFIDENTIALSECTION 03 OF 03 USUN NEW YORK 001696
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PAGE 02
DEPT FOR AF/C, IO/UNP, AND IO/PHO;
WHITEHOUSE PASS TO NSC FOR RICE, SCHWARTZ, AND DESHAZER;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
E.0.12356: DECL:12/31/99
TAGS: PHUM, PREF, PINS, PREL, MOPS, PGOV, RW, UNSC
SUBJECT: RWANDAN HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDER MUJAWAMARIYA
CALLS ON AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT, URGES CONTINUATION OF
UNAMIR PRESENCE IN RWANDA
15. AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT SUPPORTED THE IDEA OF OAU
INVOLVEMENT AND AGREED THAT A NEW ENVOY WITH NO RECORD
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IN RWANDA COULD MAKE A DIFFERENCE, SOMEONE THE PARTIES
COULD NOT REFUSE TO DEAL WITH. SHE REITERATED HER
UNDERSTANDING OF THE SITUATION, AND HER FRUSTRATION AT
THE OPTIONS AVAILABLE. UPON LEARNING THAT THE PARTY
PLANNED TO TRAVEL TO WASHINGTON LATER IN THE DAY, THE
AMBASSADOR SUGGESTED THAT THEY MEET WITH A/S SHATTUCK,
A/S MOOSE, AND WITH RICE AND CLARK AT THE NSC.
ALBRIGHT
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