International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
Tribunal P6nalInternationalpour le Rwanda
IN THE APPEALS CHAMBER
Before:
Registrar:
Date:
JudgePatrick Robinson,Presiding
JudgeMehmet Gtiney
JudgeFaustoPocar
Judge Liu Daqun
JudgeTheodor Meron
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Adama Dieng
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I I June2010
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THE PROSECUTOR
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Aloys NTABAKUZE
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CaseNo: ICTR-98-41-A
"THE HIcH counr oF GASABo...THAT
TRIEScRIMINALcASES
REGARDINGPROVISIONALINCARCERATION
AND RELEASEIN THE
CASE
RpcR078ll0/rrceu oN . . .06107
120
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OFFICIALTRANSLATIONOF THE DECISIONFROMKINYARWANDA
Office of the Prosecutor
HassanA. Jallow
Alex Obote-Odora
GeorgeW. Mugwanya
InnekeOnsea
Renifa Madenga
MadeleineSchwarz
AbubacarrTambadou
Evelyn Kamau
William Mubiru
Priyadarshini Narayanan
Aisha Kagabo
Counselfor the Defence
PeterE. Erlinder, Lead Counsel
Andr6 TREMBLAY, Co-counsel
Legal Assistants
SandrineGaillot
JosephHolmes
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TI{E HIGH COURT OF GASABO. SITTING IN KABUGA AND AT FIRST INSTANCE
IN A CRIMINAL MATTER RELATING TO DETENTION AND PROVISIONAL
RELEASE IN CASE No. RONpJO678/KgVNM,RENDERED ON TI{IS 7ffi Uly
On
JUNE2OIOTHE FOLLOWING DECISION:
CASE
THE PUBLIC PROSECUTORof theHigh Courtof Gasabo
Versus
ACCUSED: Carl PeterErlinder,sonof AtrvoodErlinderandJaneLois Bihl, born on 14April
1948in Chicago,Illinois,marriedto MasakoIsui,Professor
of Law in Minnesota,USA.
COUNTS
1. Denying and minimizing genocidein his various writings and speeches.This offence is
provided for and punishableunder Article 4 of Law No. 33brsl2003of 6 September2003
punishingthe crime of genocide,crimes againsthumanity and war crimes.
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rumourslikely to disruptthe securityof Rwandans.This offenceis provided
2. Spreading
of 18August1977
166ofLegislativeDecreeNo.2llTT
forandpunishableunderArticle
the PenalCode.
establishing
I. FACTS
l.
After the questioningof Carl Peter Erlinder by the judicial police and the Public
an arrestwarrant
the Legal Officer at the High Courtof Gasaboestablished
Prosecutor,
againsttheAccused.
2.
In his letter to the Presidentof the High Court of Gasabo,the Chief of Prosecutionsat the
High Court of Gasaborequestedthe appearanceof Carl Peter Erlinder, chargedwith the
offencesmentionedof above,before thejudge's chambers.
3.
scheduled
thehearingfor 4 June2010.
By Orderof 4 June2010,thePresident
II. PROCEDURE
4.
represented
by RichardMuhumuza,and Carl
On 4 June2010,the Public Prosecutor,
PeterErlinder,assistedby MessrsGershomOtachiBw'Omanwa,Kenned(sic) Ogeto,
Donatien Mucyo, Shoshi
Kurt P. Kerns, Jean-BoscoKazungu,GateraGashabana,
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Bizimana, Ms Amida Furaha and Mr Piene-C6lestin Buhuru, entered an appearance.
Interpretationwas doneby Elis6eByukusenge.
4.
[sic] The Accused, Carl Peter Erlinder, confirmed his identity which was read to him.
ProsecutionCounselrequestedto make his submissionsin English to enablethe Accused
to better understandthe chargesagainsthim. A copy of the submissionswas handedover
to the Accused. He statedthat his submissionswere pursuantto Articles 93 and of Law
No. 13/2004of 17 May 2004 establishingthe Criminal ProcedureCode, as modified and
complementedby Law No. 2012006of 22 April2006, becausehe [Carl Peter Erlinder]
was chargedwith denyrng and minimizing genocidein his statements,and of spreading
nrmourslikely to disrupt the securityof Rwandans.
5.
At the requestof Mr Kazungu, Carl PeterErlinder, was authorizedto sit down as he was
not feeling well.
6.
ProsecutionCounsel submittedthat there was prima facie evidenceof guilt againstCarl
Peter Erlinder in his writings and speeches.He mentioned, for example, Carl Peter
Erlinder's written work of 2 February2009. He further statedthat recently in 2008, the
Accused stated that 40 dignitaries of the Kagame administration were the subject of
investigationsafter that conductedby Francein 2006, which resultedin the indictment of
the authoritieswho killed the RwandanPresident.ProsecutionCounselaffirmed that the
Accused statedthat what happenedin 1994was a civil war. He statedthat the Accused
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denied the genocide while insisting that the death of the Presidentsof Rwanda and
Burundi triggeredthe killings, whereasit hasbeenestablishedthat the genocidehad been
plannedby the Habyarimanaregime and executedby Sindikubwabo and Kambanda.He
statedthat the Accused, without providing any evidencein support therefor, also spread
rumours that Rwandan authoritieswere responsiblefor the murder of the Presidentsof
Rwandaand Burundi. He submittedthat, pursuantto Article 166 of the PenalCode,Book
II, this statementdisrupted the peaceof Rwandansand was likely to stir up the citizens
androusethem againstthe currentregime.
7.
Whereasthe genocidewas planned,under the MRND regime, by the Interahamwewho
drew up lists of Tutsi and Hutu who had to be killed, Carl Peter Erlinder denied and
minimized the genocidein Military 1, in which he was ICTR DefenceCounsel.Carl Peter
Erlinder denied and minimized the genocideby statingthat the soldiershe was defending
neither plannednor carried out the genocide.The Accused affirmed that his clients were
rather defending national integrity. ProsecutionCounsel submitted that the Accused did
not end there,as he deniedand minimized the genocidein other cases.
8.
ProsecutionCounsel showedthat in his piece of writing entitled, "no genocideplanning,
no genocide", Carl Peter Erlinder statedthat, had it not been for the policy of impunity
practisedin the United Statesof America, Kagame would already have been tried and
punishedinsteadof looting the riches of the Congo and spilling the blood of Rwandans.
While he was Defence Counsel at the InternationalCriminal Tribunal for Rwanda.Carl
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Peter Erlinder submitted that that what happened was a massacre of members of the
population.
9.
ProsecutionCounsel submittedthat in his submissionsbefore an Oklahoma court, Carl
Peter Erlinder statedthat he was not denying the killings that were committed by RPF
soldiers targeting the Hutu or the Tutsi. He statedthat the Accused submitted that the
killings were not committed by the then regime prior to the genocide,that they were
rather comparableto those committed in Burundi, and that the killings in Rwandawere
triggered by the murder of the second and third Hutu presidents.The Accused also
minimized the genocide of the Tutsi by affirming that some people described the
genocideas the Rwandantragedy.However,the ICTR has evidencewhich showsthat the
genocidewas plannedand executedby the regime of PresidentHabyarimana.
10.
ProsecutionCounsel further submittedthat Carl Peter Erlinder has statedin his writings
that somepeople describethe genocideas the Rwandantragedy. He submittedthat The
Accusedalso minimized the genocideof the Tutsi by affirming that this conceptis used
as pretext by the Rwandan State.Elsewherein his writings, the Accused considersthe
genocide as a war and, even in the Military 1 case, he submitted that the killings
committed againstthe Tutsi in 1994did not constitutegenocide.He further statesthat in
Rwanda,this issueis being usedas a hurdle againstthosewho want to challengeKagame
duringthe 2010 elections.
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In his written piece of 6 May 2010 which he describedas "publi c" , Carl Peter Erlinder
statedthat some UN documentsshow that it was Kagame who triggered the Rwandan
genocideand the killings in the eastof the Democratic Republic of Congo. In so doing,
he expressedhis negationof history in attemptingto deny the genocide,a word he writes
in quotation marks, whereasthe internationalcommunity uses it and has acceptedthat
there was genocide.In the Edouard Karemera casebefore the ICTR, the Chamberstated
that the genocide of the Tutsi no longer raises doubt. However, Carl Peter Erlinder
ignores this decision and wants to make Rwandans believe that the Head of State
committed genocide. Moreover, in his letter of 6 April 2006 to the Prime Minister of
Canadarelating to the visit she was going to make to the current Presidentof Rwanda,
Carl Peter Erlinder sought to stir up membersof the Rwandan population againsteach
other, referring to the Kagame regime as the most dictatorial in Africa, in violation of
Article 166 of LegislativeDecreeNo. 21177of 18 August 1977 establishingthe Penal
Code.
t2.
Consideringhis various writings and pursuantto Articles 93 and 94 of Law No. 1312004
of 17 May 2004 relating to the Code of Criminal Procedure as modified and
complementedby Law No. 20/2006 of 22 April2006, the Public Prosecutorprayed the
Court to take into account the prima facie evidenceresulting from the writings of Carl
Peter Erlinder and to order his provisional detention, especially as that was the only
guaranteethat the Accused would appearbefore the Court whenevernecessaryand that
he would not escapefrom justice.
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carl PeterErlinder pleadednot guilty to all the charges
againsthim. He statedthat in all
his writings he never spoke ill of Rwanda. Given
that his writings were drafted in
English, he prayed the Court to appreciatetheir value,
adding that his writings would
poseno problem even if they were translatedinto
Frenchor Kinyarwanda.
He statedthat
it was incumbent upon the Public Prosecutorto prove
that his writings had caused
problems' He specified that his writings do
not violate any law in force in the United
Statesof America, or the Constitution of that country
or the laws of the Commonwealth
of which Rwanda is a member.He explainedthat he
had no intention of causingtrouble
in Rwanda, specifying that the expressedopinions
for which he was being prosecuted
were public knowledgeand that he was readyto explain
14'
himself.
carl Peter Erlinder stated that only FPR leaders doubt
the truth of his writings. He
recalledthat he cameto Rwandain september 2004
and returnedthere in 2010 to defend
a candidatefor the presidencywho had trouble with the
law. He addedthat his colleagues
had advisedhim not to go to Rwanda,warning him
that he could be arrested.However,
as he had information that Rwandawas a democratic
country, he decidedto go there.He
statedthat he was arrestedwhereashe committed no
offence when he got to Rwanda.
Moreover, he said nothing in Frenchor in Kinyarwanda.
However, he statedthat he was
optimistic about the decision which the Court was going
to render, given that he had
noticed changesin many areasin Rwanda.He statedthat
he was not accusinganybody
and expressedgratitudefor the assistancegrantedhim.
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carl Peter Erlinder expressedhis concernsabout the
type of care he would receive in
prison as an elderly white man' He assuredthe
court that he would comply with all its
orders'He addedthat his provisional detentionhad
traumatizedhim and prayedthe court
to grant him provisional releaseso that he could receive
treatmentin the United Statesof
America.
16.
carl PeterErlinder statedthat he acknowledgedthat genocide
was committed but that he
knew nothing about its plan:ring, as he was not in
Rwanda at the time of the events.He
explained that this arose from the Judgmentrendered
by the ICTR in the ,,Military,,
cases'and that it was not incumbenton him to say whether
the genocidewas planned.
17'
Mr JeanBosco Kazungu, Counselfor carl PeterErlinder,
first thank the court for having
listenedto the Accused and for having given the floor
to the Defence.He pointed out that
the Defence was not in possessionof the case-fiIe.
He prayed the court to grant his
client's requestto enter an appearanceas a free
man pursuantto Article g7 of Law No.
13/2004 of 17 May 2004 relating to the Code of
Criminal procedure as modified and
complemented by Law No. 20/2006 of 22 April 2006,
while the prosecution was
investigating the case. If need be, the court could
impose restrictive measureson the
Accused as provided for under Article 90 of the said
law, especially as the Accusedhad
been hospitalizedfor two days. He insistedthat his
client was showing
obvious signs of
weakness,that he had cooperatedwith the authorities
who arrestedhim and that he was
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advancedin age. In conclusion, he prayed the Court
to be guided by the precedent
establishedin the VictoireIngabire case.
18.
Mr Kurt P' Kerns submittedthat his client had committed
no
offence, grantedthat he had
madeno statementon Rwandanterritory. He submitted
that the Accused had violated no
law in force in Rwanda and addedthat the problem in question
arosefrom the mannerin
which people had construedthe remarks that were made.
He stated that Erlinder had
neither deniednor minimized the genocide,specifyingthat
the mere fact of having placed
the word "genocide" in quotation marks or of having
used the expression,,killings,, in
lieu of "genocide" did not mean that genocideof the Tutsi
did not take place. He added
that had the Accused committed theseoffences,he would
not have ventured to come to
Rwanda.
19.
IvIrP' KernssubmittedthattheProsecution's
allegations
werebasedonly on rumoursand
thatreleasinghis clientwouldbe withoutconsequences.
He prayedthe
Courtto grantthe
Accusedthe sameopportunityaswasgrantedto theclientthat
hehadcometo defend.
20.
After hailing Rwanda for its characteristicfreedom,Mr
Kennedy ogetto submittedthat
his client was being prosecutedfor the writings in an academic
context and addedthat he
[his client] respectedRwanda and Rwandans.He stated that his client
had difficulty
understandingthat he was taken for somebodywho minimizes
the genocide,on the basis
of his writings' He explained that the issue at stake arose
from the fact the prosecution
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took excerptsfrom Erlinder's writings and construed
them in its own way. He specified
that that the Accused had neither denied the planning
of genocidenor its execution.He
recalled that in the "Miritary r' casebefore the ICTR
on 9 Febru ary 2009,the chamber
found that the soldiersconcernedwere not guilty
of planning genocide.The Accuseddid
not therefore dispute the Chamber's decision, given
that in that trial the planning and
executionof genocidewas not established.
2l'
Mr Kennedy ogetto further submittedthat the Prosecution
was not telling
the truth when
it allegedthat in his letter of 6 June 2006to the Prime
Minister of Canada,peter Erlinder
stated that Kagame's regime was the most dictatorial
in Africa. proof was that a
paragraph of that letter showed that his writings
were exceqpts from the journal
"Economics Magazine"' Thus he could not be held
liable for anything, granted that he
only reproduced the excerpts from the journal.
The allegations against him had no
connection with the ideas he had wanted to express.
ln their writings, the former
Prosecutorof the ICTR, carla Del Ponte, and
Michel H., who was a member of the
office of the Prosecutor at the ICTR, dealt with this
matter. He pointed out that the
writings published by Peter Erlinder camefrom a well-known
sourceand wonderedwhy
the Prosecutionwas targeting only his client. He submitted
that the prosecutionof his
client was not basedon his writings, but was rather
motivated by the fact that his client
defendedvery well the accusedpersonsbeforethe ICTR,
and by the caseof the Rwandan
President.
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Lastly' Mr Kennedy ogetto prayed the
court to dismiss the prosecution,s request
becauseit had not presentedprima facie evidence
of guilt likely to justify the provisional
detentionof Erlinder' He submittedthat the Prosecution
had not indicated
the facts of the
investigationsit had carried out and that it only
wantedto take advantageof the presence
of his client in Rwandato have him convicted.
23'
Taking the floor, Mr Gershom otachi Bw'omanwa
started by thanking the Rwandan
courts' He then requestedthe provisional release
of PeterErlinder on the ground that the
Prosecutionhad finished questioninghim on
the offencescharged,and which were based
on the writings that he had publishedon the internet.
He submittedthat the problem was
the interpretationthat had beenmade of the
writings and statedthat peter Erlinder could
always explain them while he was free. Moreover,
he further stated that releasingthe
Accused would allow him to continue to deal
with the case-filesof his clients who are
being prosecutedbefore the ICTR.
24.
Prosecutioncounselsubmittedthat the arrestand
detentionof
carl Peter Erlinder had
nothingto do with his comingto Rwandato
defendhis client or with his status of
Defencecounsel at the ICTR' He fuither submitted
that the Accused was
for offences committed and for which he had
been brought before the
rather arrested
court. As to the
allegationsby his counsel that they could not
have the case-file, prosecution counsel
statedthat they should have requestedit before.
on this point, the court recalledthat the
Defencehad not shown any prejudicesuffered.
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ProsecutionCounsel consideredthat it was quite normal
for the prosecution and the
Defenceto differ in their arguments.He prayedthe Court
to considerhis requestbasedon
the laws in force and to make a decision on the health of Peter
Erlinder, to seewhether
detentionwould causehim problems.on this point, he specified
that the prosecutionwas
not competent to give a medical opinion and that he would
not be opposed to his
provisionalrelease.
26.
on behalf of the Defenceteam,Mr Kazungurecalledthat Erlinder
had beenhospitalized
and, therefore' the Prosecutionshould assistthe Defence in
explaining to the Court the
seriousnessof his health condition. He further statedthat there
was a bill
issuedby King
Faysal Hospital and medical examination results showing
that the Accused had
effectively been hospitalized..Lastly, he prayed the Court
to consider this evidencein
relation to Erlinder's health condition which was deteriorating
and to rule that the
investigationsshould continuewhile he was free.
27.
ProsecutionCounsel confirmed that carl Peter Erlinder had
been hospi talized,twicebut
that the doctors did not statethat his detentionwould affect
his health. On this point,
he
recalledthat even a personin custodyreceivesmedical care.
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Ivk Kurt P' Kens submittedthat even if the Defencehad
no evidenceon the poor stateof
PeterErlinder's health, on seeinghim one noticesthat
he has
health problems.He further
submittedthat, if needbe, the Defencecould presenta medical
certificate to
29.
the Court.
The Court closed the hearing and scheduledthe date
to render its decision for 7 June
2010at4.30p.m.
m.
30'
DELIBERATIONS
The Court finds that Carl Peter Erlinder deniesthe prima
facie evidenceon the basis of
which the Prosecutionis charginghim with having denied
or minimized the genocideand
for having spreadnrmours likely to disrupt national peace,
but does not deny the various
speechesand writings which he made and published
while he was out of Rwanda.His
pretext is rather that, as his writings are in English,
ProsecutionCounsel misconstrued
them, adding that he said nothing bad aboutRwanda.
3l'
The Court considersthat prima facie evidenceof guilt
relating to the offence of having
denied and minimi zed thegenocideis found in his various
writings, especiallywhere he
wrote that: "In early 2008, Spain indicted 40 leading
members of Kagame government
whichfollowed a late 2006 French indictmentcharging
Kagame and hisfollowers with
assassinatingformer Rwandan and Burundian Presidents,
the crime that triggered 1994
Civilians-on-civilians killings in Rwanda.". First, Carl Peter
Erlinder affirms here
that it
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is the Presidentof Rwanda, Paul Kagame,
who killed in 1994the former president of
Rwanda, Juv6nal Habyarimana, as well as
the former president of Burundi, cyprien
Ntaryamira' He further statesthat it is this killing
which triggered the genocideand that
he [Paul Kagame] is thereforethe causeof the genocide.
32'
Moreover, the court finds that carl PeterErlinder
describesthe genocideof the Tutsi in
1994 as "civilians-on-Civilians kitlings in Rwanda".
He thus considersthe genocideas
fighting that occurredbetweenmembersof the population
and arguesthat it was neither
plannednor executed.Thus he usedthe following
remarks:
"Rwanda : no conspiracy,no
genocideplanning."no Genocide?" andstates:
"Had the US impunitypolicy not beenin
place' Kagame might well have spent the last
decadeawaiting trial at the ICTR, rather
than getting richfrom the resourcesof the congo,
and the blood of
millions of Africans,,.
These remarks corroborate the above-mentioned
writings in which he affirms that the
Presidentof the Republic of Rwanda is the
causeof what he [Erlinder] calls civilians
killings, and that, accordingly, he
[Paul Kagame] should be answerabletherefor before
the ICTR' Moreover, carl PeterErlinder states
on page 4of the samedocumentthat the:
"crimes were committed by the two sides",
and openly affirms that there were ,,two
genocides"' on this specific point, the
court considersthat he is clearly denying the
genocidebecausehad there been two genocides
they would not have been describedas
genocide.
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The court considersthat the Accuseddeniesthe genocide
in the complaints that he and
his colleagueslodged against the Presidentof Rwanda
in which they affirm once more
that this President is the cause of the genocide granted,
as they allege, that it was
perpetratedfollowing the murder of Juv6nal Habyarimana
and Clprien Ntaryamira for
which he [Paul Kagame] is responsible. In this document,
he describesthe genocideas
"the civilian massacres". In his writings, especially
in an article entitled ,,Rwanda.
perpetrators of genocide
iailet',
he describes the genocide as: ,,The Rwandan
tragedy"'Some call genocide... ". In this document,
he [Erlinder] explains these facts
which he doesnot describeas genocideand statesthat
it is the presidentof Rwanda,paul
Kagame, who should be answerabletherefor. He specifies
that these events originated
from what he calls "a product of imperialism". He states
that this is further compounded
by the protection that the United Statesof America and
the United Kingdom offered him
[Paul Kagame]. In another document,he states that: "Kagame ordered the
Jinal assault
within minutes after learning of the successfulmissile
attack..., long BEFO4E any
retaliatory, civilian killing had occurredanywherein
Rwanda". In this passage,he denies
the genocideand rather talks of "civilian kitlingl'. He
then explains the causesof these
"civilian killings" and, in so doing, expresses
his denial of the genocide (criminal
responsibility).
34.
Although carl Peter Erlinder attempts to explain that
the information in his article
entitled "Genocide war crime cover-upsand W
falsification of History of suppressed.
W prosecutorsmemoirsand the real politic of the
W International criminal tribunals,,.
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are drawn from other "sources", it appears,as submitted by the prosecution,
that he
[Erlinder] adds thereto his "personal commentsand individual position,. On this point,
especiallyon page 36 of this document,he writes as follows: "and
if the architectsof the
genocide", "on trial in the military I casedid not plan or conspire
to kill Tutsi civilians
or to commit other crimes, it is necessaryto entirely reconsiderhow
to conceptualizeand
characterizethe violence in Rwandaduring April-Juty Igg4".These
remarksare thoseof
Carl PeterErlinder himself and not thoseof the Tribunal. The Court is
of the opinion that
thesewritings contain facts which are provided for and punishableunder
Article a(1) of
Law No. 33 bisl2003 of 6 September2003 punishing the crime
of genocide, crimes
againsthumanity and war crimes, which is worded as follows: "Shall
be sentencedto an
imprisonmentof ten (10) to twenty (20) years, any person who will
havepublicly shown,
by his or her words, writings, or by any other meuns,that he or
she has negatedthe
genocide committed,rudely minimized it or attemptedto justifi
or approve itsgrounds,
or anyperson who will havehidden or destroyedits evidence,'.
35.
Basedon his writings, Carl PeterErlinderis chargedwith having attempted
to rouse
membersof the populationagainstestablished
authority.ln fact,he wrotethe following:
"172 Raising such questionsis impossiblein Rwanda,given crimes of genocide
denial,,
and negationism which are not (sic) being threatenedto silence political
candidates
seehingto opposeKagame in upcoming2010 elections;he
[Erlinder] affirms that this is a
maneuveremployedby Kagameto silenceanybodywho would like
to run for the post of
Presidentof the Republic of Rwanda.on page 42 of his document,
he [Erlinder] states
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that only the country's high authoritiesshould
be answerablefor the genocide,thereby
exculpatingthe perpehatorsof this crime. He materialized
this fact by the complaint
he and his colleaguesmadebefore the Tribunal and
that
which was entitled:,,complaint with
Jury Demand in the United StatesDistrict Court
for the westernDistrict of oklahoma,,.
This complaint, made on behalf of Mrs Juv6nal
Habyarimana and Mrs cyprien
Ntaryamira,was directed againstand aimed at discrediting
the
country,s high authorities.
In fact he wrote that "Both Kagame and RPA bear
responsrbrlityfor their scope and
extent,and the conspiracy to avoid responsibility.for
their own crimes thqt continue to
day", and that the fact of not prosecuting them
constituted an act of injustice and
impunity.
36'
In this plan aimed at rousing Rwandansagainstestablished
authority, carl peter Erlinder
wrote a leffer to Prime Minister Harper (canada)
on 6 April 2006,which was entitled:
"Regarding state visit of cuftent President of
Rwanda". He then affirmed that the
"Kagame Regime is the most repressivemilitary
dictatorship in Africa,,. The fact of
having published the letter on the internet and of
having published it by other meansof
communication was aimed at rousing members
of the population against established
authority' These offences are provided for and punishable
under Article 166 of
LegislativeDecreeNo. 21177of 18 August 1977establishing penal
the
code, wordedas
follows: vf/hoever,either by speechesmade in meetings
or in public places, or by any
written materials,printed matter,pictures or emblems,
posted, distributed, sold, sold to
or displayed to the public, or by knowingly spreadingfalse
rumours, rouses or attempts
t7
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to rouse the population against establishedauthority,
rouses or attempts to rouse the
citizens against each other, or alarms the population
and thereby seeking to cause
trouble on the territory of the Republic,shall bepunished
with a term
of imprisonmentof
from two to tenyears and afine offrom two thousandto one hundred
thousandfrancsor
with either such imprisonment and
fine only, without prejudice to heavier sentences
providedfor in otherprovisions of this Code-.
37'
The offenceswith which carl PeterErlinder is charged
are provided for by the the legal
provisions cited above, and prima facie evidence
of guilt against the suspecthas been
adduced'Pursuantto Article 93 of Law No. 13/200
4 of 17 May 2l}4relating to the penal
code, as modified and complemented
by Law No. 201200
6 of 22April 2006,,,A suspect
shall not be subiected to pre trial detention
unless there are concrete grounds to
prosecute or her and the offencehe or she
is accusedto have committed is punishable
with at least two (2) years' imprisonment".rt appears
that the sentenceprovided for one
of the two offences with which the Accused
is charged is at least two years,
imprisonment,while for the other it is more than
two years.
38.
carl PeterErlinder and his counselrequesthis provisional
release,especiallyon grounds
of health, on the basisof Article 87 of Law No. l3l200
4 of 17 May 2x}4relating to the
Code of Criminal Procedure,as modified and complemented
by Law No. 2012006 of 22
April2006' This Article is worded as follows: "A
suspectis entitled to befree during the
time of investigation.However, on (sic) the interest
of thepreparation of the case
file, or
l8
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on (sic) security of the accusedor national security,
an accused can be subjectedto
certain conditions,or in certain circumstances,to be remanded
in custodyin accordance
with theprocedure and conditionsprovided
for in thefollowing Articles .. . ,,.
39'
The fact that Carl Peter Erlinder was ill and examined
by a doctor is evidencedby the
"Hospital DischargeForm" which was issuedto him
by King Faysal Hospital on 3 June
2010' However, the doctor does not indicate that there
is a nexus betweenthe arrestand
detention of the Accused and his illness. Furthermore,
the doctor still does not indicate
that detentionof the Accusedwould seriouslyaffect
his health, all the more so as nothing
deprives him of his right to receive treatment,if need
be. As to his advancedage, it
cannotbe consideredas a valid groundto justify his
release.Accordingly, the requestfor
releasedoesnot comply with the provisionsof Articles g3
and g4 oflaw No. 1312004
of
17 May 2004 relating too the code of Criminal
Procedure, as modified and
complementedby law No. 20/2006of 22 Apil2006
refened to above.ln fact, Article 94
is worded as follows: "An ecct'tsedperson against
whom there are strong reasons to
suspectthat he or she has committedan ofence can
be remanded in custodypending
trial even if the ofence he or she is suspectedto have
committed is punishable with an
imprisonmentwhich is lessthan two (2( years but exceeding
one month, if there is fear
that he or she cqn escapeor, tf his particulars are unlvtown
or undoubtfut (sic) or if there
qre strong, unusual and exceptional
circumstancesthat urgently require the detention
pending trial in the interestofpubtic security:
t9
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COURT DECISION
RDPO3/IOITGI/GSBO
I" If thepretrial detentionis the only meansto preserveevidenceor to stop the
accusedfrom
interfering with the investigationor putting pressure on witnessesand complainaws
or stop
fraudulent communicationbetweenthe accusedpersonsand their accomplices;
2' If such detentionis the only meansto protect the accused,to ensurethat
the accusedwill
be available v'henever he or she is needed by judicial organs or to put
a halt to the
commissionof an ofence or to prevent it's (sic) recurrence;
3" If consideringthe gravity of the ffince, circumstancesunder which it was committed
and
the extentofharm causedhas led to exceptionalunrest and disruption ofthe
law and order
in which case detention becomesthe only meansto put them to an ent'. The provisions
of
this Article are the cornerstoneof the Prosecution'sconcerns,becausethe Accused
doesnot
reside in Rwanda and is requestingto return the United States,which raises
fear that his
provisional releasecould jeopardizethe conductof investigationsinto offences
of this nature
which have consequences
for Rwandaand its citizens.
IV. DISPOSITION
[TheCourt]
39' [.Src]Findsthat the Prosecution's
groundsestablishing
that thereis prima facieevidence
of guilt againstCarl PeterErlinder,chargedwith the crimeof denyingand minimizingthe
genocideand that of spreadingnrmourslikely to disruptthe securityof Rwandans,
have
merit.
Translationcertifiedbv LSS.ICTR
DIIIIO-0I96E
20
tes+h
RoNPr0678/r0/KisaIM
ffiyAL?BET,fS"
40' Rules that carl Peter Erlinder should be provisionally
detainedin prison for 30 days for
the abovementionedreasons.
4l' Ordersthat Carl PeterErlinder shouldbe provisionally
detainedin prison
for 30 days.
42. Recallsthat the time-limit to appealthis Decisionis five
days.
This Decisionhasbeenrenderedin publichearingon this 7h dayof
June2010by the High
Courtof Gasabo,
composed
of JudgeMauriceMbishibishi,assisted
by the
Judge:
Registrar.
Regishar:
Maurice Mbishibishi
yeanDamascdneNkuriyingoma
[Signed]
[Signed]
Truecopy
J.D.Nkuriyingoma
[Signatureandseal]
2l
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22
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URUKIKO RWISUMBUYE RWA GASABO RURI KABUGA
RUTnBURAI{ISHIRIZA II,IANZA
TI]'TSTIINJABYAFIA KU
IFUNGWA MIFTJNGURWARY'AGAITGANYO KU RWEGORWA
I{BERE MT.JRX
RONp]06ru
/ N/Kg!/ Nj,rffOry*ffiht0tt#/
RWEMEIETBUKURTKTRA. f .,Jtrl
LJbushinjacyaha
ku rwegoRwisumbuye
6/zma
nilrl*rpeupb
Rwalorx
UREGWA:CarIPeter Erlinder mlireneAtwood Edinder na |ane lois
Bitrlwavutseku wa u/4llwi
chicagoIllinois,yashakanye
na Masako
Isur,akabaariLaw hofessorin Njnesota-U.S.A;
EYAHA AKURIKIRANV|1EHO
:
lGuhakana no gupfobya jenosideakoreeheieinyandiko n ibiganiro
bitandukanye.Icy"hagrteganywakandi tigatranistrwa ingingo ya a
-i"yir,u'
y'ib$ko n'33bis/2003 ryo ku wa e/g/?w
nlgna
.yu
jenoside,ibyalra
byibasiyeinyokomuntun'ibyahaby,iniimbaraj
2.Gukradrakwizaibihuhwa bishobora guhungabarya umutekano
w'abanya6aranda.Icy-aha
giteganywakandi ligatnnighwl ingngo rf i L66
y'Itegeko-Tekan"21/77 ryo ku wa ta/g/En
u*ryirahJ rgtouo
cy'amategeko
ahana;
I. MITEREREY'URUBANZA.
ndetsen'ubusftrinjaryaha;c-arl
l.Nyuma yo kubazwan'ubug
PeterErlinderyakoreweinyandikoimufatart'unustrinj."yoii" i.n t*rgo
rwisumbuyerwa Gasabo;
luqushmiacyaha_uyobora
Ubushinjacyaha l,ctrn^regCI
e rwa
ya{likiye Perezida
w'urukikorrvisumbuye
rwaG*"uo,u"shinia
9rytrpeer
carl
Erlinder,ularrikiranyweho ibyaha byavuzlve haruguru,busaba
ko anyuzwa mu nama y'abacamanza;
3.Itegekorya Perezidaryo ku wa M/6/zol}ryashyize
M/6/2010;
ib-uranishaku wa
qe, A
RONPJ0678/IO4figNM
ICYEMEZO
CY'URUKIKO
RDPO3I2/IO/TGI/GSBO
II. IMIGENDEIGREY'URUBANZA
1.Ky wa M/6/2al0,ubushiniacyaha buhagarariwe na Muhumuza
Richard,Carl Peter Erlinder yunganir+'e^ Me Gershorn otachi
Bw'Ornanwa,MeKenned OgetoMe Kurt p.Kerrrs,MeKazungu
Jean
Bosco,Me Gatera Gashabana,MeMucyo DonatienrMe nizimana
Shoshi,MeFurahaAmidaMe Buhurupierre c6lestin naho umusemuzi
ari Byukusenge
Elis6e;
4.carl Peter Erlinder amazekwernezako umwirondosc'asorneweari
uwerumustri4ir-yaha
yasabye
gusobanura
umwanzuro
fubwhinjacyaha mu cyongereza kugira ngo byumvwe neza
asobanura ko impamvu iJbushinjacyaha
{d"itaakomeza
bushingiye ku ngingo za, gJ n'iya g4 z,itegeko tg/ZOM qfo ko*u
lry 95/?w4 ryekeyeimiburanishitiz.e
y' imanzaz'inshlnjabyahanvuko
kandi
rikuzuawa
n'itegeko n2o/2w6 {y" ku wa
ryahinduwe
22/a/2a6,yasl*irije carl peterErlinderari kubaastrinjwaguhakanano
Slpfobya jenosidemu-byo Fgrye atangazano mu byo yagiye avuga
ndetse_
akanaregwagulcrarirakwiza
ibihuhrn'abishobora&h;r"guhd"
unutekanow'abanyarwanda;
S.Bisabwena Me Kaztrngu,carlpeterErlinderyemerewekwicara kuko
yavuzeko yumvaatamezene?ai
5.umwhinjacyahaya:vr.vze
ko hari irnpamvuzikoneye zitumaFetercarl
Erlinder acyekruahorqyahazigaragqriramu nyandiko n'ibiganiro,nko
mu nyandiko carl PererErlinderyanditsetariki yawlvl/2OOg akaba
yaranavuzeko vuba aha mu 2008abayobozi40 bari mu buyobozibwa
Kagarne bwaje gukurikira ipererezary'ubufaransa
rya 2006 naryo
ryashinjagaabayobozibishe perezidar,r/uRwandandebe agatsindagira
ko ibyabaye mu 7994 ari intambara y'abaturage ubwabo bigaragarako
yahakanagajenoside atsindagira ko ubwicanyi bwaEwe n'unrpfu rwa
Perezida r,r/u Rwanda na perezida w'u Burundi kandi nyamara
yaramaze kugaragara ko jenoside yateguwe n,ubutegebi bwa
Habyarimana ishyirwa mu bikorwa na sindil,cubwabo na
Kambanda,akomeza gukwiza ibihuhwa adafitiye ibimenyetso ko
ubutegetsi bw'u Rwanda aribwo bwishe
^perezida rdu Rwan.dana
;'.4K,)r
.i
t, ..,,
rgtvr
ROI$'PJ0678/10fi(ig/}rlM
ICYEMEZOCY'URUKIKO
IIDPO3I?/IO/TGI/GSBO
Perezida ry'u Burundi,ibi hashingiwe ku ngrngo y'i ld6cpul,ibi
byahungabanyijeumudendez,aw' rr Rwand4byanaterairnyigaragambyo
no kwanga ubutegemiburiho;
7-Nubwo ienoside yari yarateguwe n'interahamwe mu gihe cya
MRNDJrakon+a lisiti z'abatubi n'abahutu bagornbaga kwicwa,mu
rubanza rwa Gisirikare I yunganiragamo abasirikare muri rplR carl
Peter Erlinder yahakanye anapfobyajenoside,agaragazako itateguwe
kandi ita,shiz$/e mu bikorwa n'abasirikare yunganiraga ahubwo
baharaniraga ubwigmge bw'igihugu bitari bihagije ngo ahakane
jenoside,anayipfobye,ibiyabikomejeno mu zindi manza;
8.umushinjacyaha yagaragajeko carr peter Erlinder mu nyandikio yise
ngo nta jenoside yateguwe ndeue nta jenoside yabayeho,ahoyaniavuze
ko usA yaba idafite amategeko ahanarrrgolegao,e yagombye kuba
yarageieiwe irnbere y'inkiko agahanwa aho gukomeza kuvoma
umutungo wa Kongc amena amaraso y'abanyarwandaranashimangira
ko ibyabaye ari ubwicanyi bw'abaturage kandi ari umwunganizi mu
Rukiko l,tpanabyaharwashiriweho u Rwandai Arusha;
9.umushinjaryaha yawze ko mu kirego cye mu rukiko rqlakarere ka
oklahom+carl Peter Erlinder,yavuze ko adahakana ubwicanyi ku
bahutq cyansrya abafutsi bishwe n'ingabo za FpR,ubu bwicanyi
butato,ve na Leta yariho mbere ya jenoside ahutnvo ubog.r".aoy.
nlubwicanyi mu Burundi kandi ko imbamtso y'utnuicanyi rnu Rwanda
ari urupfu rwa Perezidar,r/umuhutuwa kabti ndetse n uwa gatafu wari
wishwe ndetse akaba yarakomejeapfobya jenoside yakorewe abatuei
altuga ko ari amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda bamwe bita jenoside,iyi
inafitiwe ibimenyetsomuri rpIR ko yateguwe ikanashirwa mu bikorwa
n'ubutegetsi bwa PerezidaHabyarimana;
lO.umushinjacyahayakomeje agaragazakandi ko carl peter Erlinder
mu nyandiko yavuze ngo amahano yabaye mu Rwanda bamwe
bita
jenoside,akabaahakanaanapfobyajenosideyakorewe abatutsi
ndetseko
:-.
1949/h
RONPJ0678/l0/KigNM
ICYEMEZOCY'URUKIKO
RDPO3I2J
IO/TCVGSBO
ari amagarnbo akoreshwa na [,eta y'u Rwanda ngo babone icyo
bitwaza,ubundi yandika jenoside nk'intambara yabaye ndetse muri
dosiye Military lyanditse ubrnreko ubwicanyi bwakorewe abatutsi ari
ubwicanyi bwakozwe atari jenosideyakozwe mu 1994kandi ko iki ari
iicibazo mu R.wanda bakoresha kugira ngo babashe gukumira
abashoboraguhanganana Kagamemu matora yo mu nrwaka ,,fi2a70;
l.l.Mu nyandiko ye,ku wa 06/S/2A10Carl peter Erlinder yavuze ko
ageneyeboseyavuze ko muri documentsza oNU harimo iagaragaz.ako
Kagarne ariwe mbarutso ya jenoside mu Rwand,a rt'ubwicanyi mtri
congo y'tlburasiraaubaalra akaba ahakana ar,nateka agerageza
guhakana jenoside,ijambo yandika mu dukubo kandi
ryaremewe
rikanakoreshwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga,aho nru rubanza rwa
Karernera Edouard muri rpIR bavazn ko jenoside y'abahrtsi ad
ikidashidikanywahornyamara akabirengaho yereka abanyanvanda ko
umuyobozi mulunr yakoze jenoside na none aho ku wa a6/4lz0ffMnisitiri w'intebe wa canada ku kwita kr,r/isurma rya
randikir
Perqzida uriho mu Rwandaagenclereye kuzana unwiryane mu
banyarwanda kandi ko ubutegetsibwa Kagame aribwo buri kdisonga
muri Afrika mu bukgetsi brr'igitugu,ibi binyrrranye n'ingngo y,i 166
y'itegeko teka n21/7T ryo ku wa ls/B/|y7|
lishyiraho igitabo
cy'amategekoahana;
12.Ku bn/inyandiko ze zitandukanye,hashingiweku ngingo ?aggna 94
z'itegeko t3/2ffi4 ryo kuwa 77/0s/za04
ryekeye imibuanishirize
y'irnanza z'inshinjabyaha nk,uko
ryahinduwe kandi rikuauzwa
nlitegeko n20/2aa5 ryo ku wa 2z/4/2h6,IJbushinjacyaha bwasabye
unrkiko kwita ku mpamvu zikomeye zishingiye ku byo cart peter
Erlinder yanditse,agategekwa gufungwa by'agateganyo mu gihe
r&omeie cyane ko aribwo boqyo bwonyine bwatuma ureg^ra
abonekaigihe cyoseyakenerwakandi byatuma adacika ububbera;
1_3.Ku byavuzwe rfubushinjacyaha,carl peter Erlinds yatangiye
**ry
ibyaha ar_egwabyose,avugako ilyo yandiee byose atafrt
nabi u Rwandaibibyanditswernu ruanr{;,gE:i
asabaumkiko
ty|;vA
RONPJ067UIO/KisNM
ICYEMEZO
CY'T}RUKIKO
RDP03t2/lo/TcycsBo
kuba arirwo rwabiha agacirokandi ko n'uwabishyira mu rundi rurimi
cyansra ikinyaruranda,ntakibazo cyagaragaramoahubwo
lk i4ht"l*
ko Lrbrrslrinjacyahaaribwo bugaragazako ibyo yanditse byateye ibibazo
kandi biteganywan'amategekoyoseya Leta zr,tnznubumweza Arneritca
na Constitution yabo ndebe n'Umuryango w'Ibihugu bikoresha ururimi
rw'icyongereza,u Rwanda rwinjiyemqntu *,rgantui yarafite wo guteza
imriviutagatanyo mu Rwarrdamu byo ashinjwa byabonwaga * bose
kandi 1nteguyegusobanura;
l4.carl Peter Erlinder yavuze ko uretse ubuyobozi bwa FFR nta wundi
wahakana ibyo yandi&,yibuba ko yajye mu Rwanda murj Nzeli
20&tagaruka mu 2010 yaraje kunganira umukandida perezida mu
bibazo yarafite kandi yabuzrvagana bagerui be kuza rnu Rwanda kuko
yafatruaryumrriseko havuglrrad€mocratieat az,a,afatw
a ntacyo yakoreye
m1 Rwanda cyangwa yavuza mu gifaransa cyangwa mu tiiny-a"o.rrirrau
ariko yW: icyenezo kizafatwa n'unrkiko cyane ko yabonye byinshi
bigenda bihinduka rnu Rwanda kandi ko ntawe yarega icyaricyo-cyose
ndebe ashimauburyo yafashijwe;
15.carl Peter Erlinder yagaragaje
z'ukuntu yakwitabwatro
muri
gereza
nlcumuzungu
u/umusaza ndetse ko yiqeza unrkiko
3g*
kuba yakubahiriza ibyo rwanrutegeka byose dore ko iri fungrua aho
agreye mu Rwanda
_ryamuteyeihungabana,asabakurekurwa akaiya
kwivuriza rnuri Amerika;
16.carl PeterErlinder yavuzeko yerreje kuba harabayehojenoside ariko
itegurwa ryayo atafmenya dore ko atarahadibi bikaba bya*gaogay"
muri rPIR mu rubanaa nnraGisirikare,akabaat*azwa"iul taiu"i"ho
igihe cyo gubeguraienoside;
17-.Mukurtganira carl Peter Erlinder,Me Kanrngu
|ean Boscoyatangiye
ashimira urukiko kuba rwumvise ushinjwa nJ ku bw'ijam6 rn:*"
ubwunganizi,arnrga ko badafite dosiye,asaba ko uwo yunganira
yahabwa amahinve yo krvitaba adafunznrenkuko biteganywa-rt'iridngo
ya - 87 y'itegeko a"ri/2}M
ryo kuwa vlas/iag4
,yit
i"
irniburanishirizey'imanza z'inshinjabyahank'uko ryahinduwe-tanii
ril,cra'zwan'itegekon"2U2006ryo ku wa 22/4/ZUieUU*ti4a,ryaha
lugakornezadosry-euwo bunganiraari hanze byabangombwa'*"g*
ibyo ategekwakubahiriza nkuko biteganywan'i"gingo ya 90
t'ivo
.;c.$Jlt#""' .
iiy",
,1:j.l:'
."
.,:
ts$+/A
RONPJ0678/10/KieNM
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tegeko dore ko amazgiminsi 2 mu bitaro,yakomeiekugaragaagucika
infese ku/uyu bunganira n'ubufatanye n'inzego ;rntf"rhe nadse to
ashaieasoza
urukiko guhera kuri juiisprudorce y'icyemezo
Tlu
cyafashwekuri Madamu IngabireVictoire;
18.Me Kurt P.Kems yavuze ko uwo yunganira nta cyaha yakoze kuko
ntacyo yigva avugira mu Rwanda,ntahoyanyuranyijen'amntegekoy'u
Rwanda ahubrnroko habayeikibazo ku buryo abantu-bagiyeuasiuanora
cyangwl barmgak"ri icyo kibazo gusa ko Erlinder atatrakanyecyangwa
ngo apfobye jygside kuko gushyira iiambo mu dukubo .trg*.
kurikoresha nk'ubwicanyi"atavuze ko nta jenoside yakorewe lu"irei
kandi ko iyo abayarabikozeatari kuza mu Rwanda;
19.Me Kurt PKems yavuze ko ibyo ubtrshinjacyaha bwazanye ari
ibivugwa mr magambo odetse ko uwo yungnira arrkuwe ttto.yo
byatwaraasabaubutaberano gutangaamahirwe-nk'ayahawe,.*o yr*j.
kunganira
,'1
gushimirau Rwandaku bw'ubwisanzt'e bururang4Me
( 39lyy"yo
<6nydy_ ogstto yavuze ko uwo yunganira yafasrntrek'berJibyo
ryrdi$ ky_rwegorwa za kaminuzarlcetseko uyu prnganira yubahau
n'lbanyarwandabityo yagoweno kumva i.o aprouyj
ly*&
-u"r.lri jenoside
kuko az: ibyo yanditse ahubwo ko ubushinjacyaha
bimwe
mubyoPeFr Erlinderyandire bukabihaibisobanub trwabyondetseko
atigezeahalona itegunuarr'ishyirwamubikorwarya j€nosidedore ko
mu rubanzaMlitary I muri TPIR ku wa W/VL/fu,abacamarraza
bernejeko abasirikarebadahamwa
n'iryahacyo gutegrraienoside,akaba
atarahakanyeicygTezo cy'uukiko kuko nta tegur*" tr'irhSrir*a m.t
ryajenosideryari muri urwo rubanza;
,orwa
/t
inyandikoya pebr Erlinderyo ku wa
lp/vre-Kennedr ogetto yavu?.eko
A6/4/20M ya Minisitiri w'intebewa Canadaa,rggako ubuyolozi bwa
Kagame ari ubw'i_gitugFrmud Africa,Ubushinjacyahabrrabshye kuko
nruri paragrapheikurftira,bigaragarag"
fo iuyi reta yandibe yuuitoy"
muri EconomicsMagazine brtyo nta cyaha
mu grhe y*,arrt,ry
ibt'i$o
kinyamakuru dore- ko ibyo ashinjwa bidahuy; n,ibyo y*,"1"
kuvuga,ibi bikaba byaranditsweho na Karl DeI pontes wahdze ari
hocureur wa TPlR,Michel FL wabaye Umushinjacyaha
-bibut"ru
muri rpIR bityo
we akaba yarabyanditeehobifite ur,o,ftavqy"
lqaribaza
'
,.',
.
''
-i.
.i
rrl!.
. : 1
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impamvu ubustrinjacyah buhitamo gukurikirana peret Erlinder,ibi
bidashingiye kubyo yandrlbe
ahubwo aruko yunganiye neza
abaregwagamuri rPIR ndebena dosiyey'umuyobozi w'u Rwanda;
J-2.le Kennedy oge$o yastrojeasabako ibyasabwe n'ubushinjacyaha
biqhabw: agaciro kuko nta mpamvu zikomeye bwagaragaje
-ko
zashingirwaho E'rlinder afungwa by'agateganyo,yeneza
lutagaragaza iperereza bwakoze ahubwo bushaka guh"u uvro
bqnganira ari mu Rwanda;
23.lrile Gershom Obachi BdOmanwa yatangiye eshimira inkiko lu
Rwanda,akomezaasabira PeterErlinder lurekurwa,aga*trn-ikiranwa ari
hanze kuko ubushi"i,u.y.l," bwarangiie kumubaza tu uyo ashinjwa
ui{rincrre ku nyandiko yandibe kuri inremet kandi ye*e"u ikibazo
qshingue ku buryo byasobanuwendetseyagira ibyo
ablsobanurahoari
-T?IR
agira n'ibyo akora kuri dosiye alite rmrri
aho yunganira
$nze
2a.Umushinjacyahayavuze ko ifrtwa n'ifungwa rya Carl peter Erlinder
ntaho bihuriye no-h1ba yaraSyemu Rwandi tungardra uwo yungpnira
cyangwa kuba hari abo yunganira muri rpIR ahubwo yafashwellubsa
ibyaha
lukgo byatumye age*Nainrbere y'unkiko naho kubyo kuba
abunganizi badafite dosiye bari kubisaba urukiko;rumwibutsi ko nta
mbogamizi bagaragajebibatera;
2S.urnrlshinjacyatra yasobanuye ko kuba batabona ibintu kimwe
{gbyshinjaqyaha ari ibieanzwe,asabaurukiko gusuzuma - ibyifuzo
by'ub'ushinia5yaharugastringira ku mategeko no gurata icyernezo ku
bijyanye niubuzima brpa peter hlinder niua yagira ikiba.; afqnzwe
kuko ntcubushinilacyatrabatari abagangakandi butarwanya irekurwa
rYe;
26.Me Kazungu mw'izina rya bagavi be bose,yibutcijeko Erlinder
ya$ye mu bitaro kandi ubushinjacyaha 6ukwiye kubafasha
kumvikanisha uburemere brduburwayi bwe ndetse ko'trari facfure ya
H6pital Roi Faycal igaragara. ko yagiye mu bitaro n ibizarnini
yakorewe,asozaasaba,nrkiko kwifa luti iui bimenyetsoku buzima bwa
Erlinder buri mu bibazo,ipererezarigakor$gf;hgl fro"g,
_,i't1
':;t''&
".-r
'.i.lql
'i:i.r,
l&l!
#ffi
r9A
RONPJ0678/1O/KigAlM
ICYEMEZOCY'URUKIKO
RDp03tzlo/Tcr/csBo
2T.umushiniacyaha yerx,eieko Carl peter Erlinder yagrye rnu bitaro
inshuro efu6i ariko abagangababgaragaje ko ifungwa qye ryatera
ibibazo ku buzima bwe kandi ko n'ufunzwe avurwa;
28.Me Kurt P.Kens yavuze ko nta kimenyeGo bagaragaza cvemeza
ibfhzo by'ubunnayi bwa peter Erlinder ariko ko aho ari nabyo
bigaragazako afite ibibazo ndebe ko brtaye ngombwa bazanairyernezo
cya mugangai
p.Iburanisha ryarapfundikiwe,isomwa ry'icyemeeo riteganyijwe ku wa
Ul/6/2m0 i saakumi n:igice(t*Sg;
IIr. uKo TJRUKII(ORUBIBOISA
3Oxuba Carl Pe&r Erlinder ahakanaimpamvu zikomeye zishingirwaho
mrl kumushinia guhakana no gupfobya jmoside nd&e
no
gulrrirakwiza
ildhuhwa bishobora guhungabanya umutekano
w'abanyar-nranda ntahakana inrvugo n'inyana*o
zitandukanye
yakoreye hanze y'u
Rwanda dore ko yitwaza kuba inyandiko
z1yozwe mu cyongereza bityo ubrushinjacyahabuziha ibisobanr:ro
zidakwiye kandi we ataziha ndetseko nta kibi yavuze ku Rwanda;
3l.hnpamvu zikoxneye zituma akelarraho guhakana no gupfobya
jenooidemu nyandiko zitandukanye ni nkaho yagize ati:,In emly 200g,
spainindichd 40 bading *n ws of l&gawegooeffinnt which
followd, a lau
2w6 fren& indichrcnt dr*grg legane nd hk
foltourrs roith assresinating
fomw Rwsttdanmd Burunilian prwidcnts,tlu crine tha triggueil 7gg4
cioilians
Erlinder yemezel ko mbere na mbere perezida w,u Rwanda paul
Kagarrre,ariwewishe uwari pereeidaldu Rwanda Habyarimana
Juv€nal
n'uwari Perezidaw'u Burundi Ntaryamiia cyprien mrrri 1994,yarangiza
akongeraho ibi aribyo byateye jenoside guryo akaba ariwe watumye
ienosideibaho;
32.Nanone carl Peter Erlinder yise jenoside y'abatutsi yo rn'ri 1994
"ciailian
hagati y'abatgr_agendere ko itateguwgi?$r.,,{:
mu bikorwa aho
-e.
,:1..;
t
- a. " ,. , [r,
-
.?.
.i-l
j..
'i, r,:: _T
;ri;l
r9
R0NPJ067VI0/KigNM
ICYEMEZO
CY'URUKIKO
RDPO3I2/IO/TGVGSBO
yakoreshejearnagambo!'Rutand.attoconspimcy,no genocideplanning... no
c,enrcidc?uagiraati :"Had.tlv IJSinryunitypoliq not beenin plae , Kagame
rriSht well hsuespenttla lastdecade
nwiting trial at tlu ICTR,ratlur than
getting ri& from. the resourasof tlu c-ongo,and tlw bloodof nrillions of
Africa",ibibirashimangiraibyavuz-,ve
traruguruaho yfineza ko perezida
wa Repubulika y'u Rwanda ariwe wateye ibyo we yirr-,cioilians killings,
$tyo ngo akaba ariwe ulcruiye kubibazwa imbere ya ICTR muri iyi
nyandiko kandi,ku rupapwo mra4 carl peter Erlinder avuga ko ibyaha
by'ubugomebyakozwe n'impande zombi: "cimes mmmitcd.by tlc two
n'dc",akanenrrayemeza ko habaye ienosirde ebyirt'lhw geuocidy'',aha
biragaragazako nrroseko ahakanajenosidedore ko zitashoboragakuba
ebyiri zornbingozitwe jenoside;
33.Mu gukomeza guhakana jmoside carl peter Erlinder agaruka ku
birego we na bagenzi be barezeperezidary'u Rwanda bongerakwemeza
ko jenoside yo mu Rwanda ariwe wayiteye ngo kuko yabaye ingaruka
y'unrpfu rwa FlabyarimanaJuv6nalna Nta{yamira cyprim rwakozwe
nawe,aho jenoside ayita "thc ciailian tnassacr.eg>
ndebe akorneza mu
nyandiko ze kuri article
ayita:
rurandiko yerekana n'ibyo binhr we atita jeroside kandi ko ukwiye
kubibazwa ari Perezida w'u Rwanda paul Kagame, kuko byavuye
ko.yo we yita "a product of itnperialkm"yanakurikiwe no kumukiog"
ikibaba bikoave na us na uK nd.etse ahandi akanakor.esha
imvugo;'Kagameorderedtlu frral assaultwithin mimt&lsafter leaning of tla
wwssful nissileattack...,long BEF2REmy retatiatory, civilian killing M
omtrrcd anywherein Rwanda"raha ahakanajenoside akivugira civilian
killingyarangiza akavuga icyateyeizo civilian killiogs nacyo
ryerekana
guhakanajenoside(uburyozwacyaha);
carl Peter Erlinder ybe "&noside war crime couer -ups
( 31l3.iy?ifk9
cq uN fals@tiott of History of suppressed.
IrN proxcutorsmemoirsand tlu
renl politic of tlu ILN lnbrnationat cimitul iriuunag, nubwo agenda
ageragezakwerekana ko ibyo avuga bifite ahand,!11u,,rources,,,-ariko
' .r,
;'J:.'t
f,.
."*,.
9,+3
/h
RONPJ0678/1ofi(isNM
ICYEMET-O
CY'URUKIKO
RDP03lzn
0/rct/GsBo
,
l0
agendayiyongereramo ibyo ubushinjacyahabwita pemonal corffnents
and individual position"nko ku mpapu.ro rwa 36 rw'iyo nyandiko aho
agira ati:
Qd *t plan or'conspireto kill tu*i raitinns oMs
ta
reconsiderhoroto
cluractcirc the
in Runndn
aya
m aya
bigize ibiteganywa bikanahanwa n'ingingo ya A igSla,qya 1 y'itegeko
n33bis/20ts ryo ku wa 06/9/2WJ rihana icyaha cya jenoside,ibyaha
byihs4yeihyokomuntun ibyahaby'intambaraiteganyako *Azahmishwa
igihmrocy'igifungohna lu iryak cami laryemlatr. malwryabirt umba
yagarnguje
mu ruJwmeluba mu ,nvugo,ut.u
nyandila,nutnasltnsho
clarlgwf,
ubyndi buryo ubnto ai bun baws ko atunwra jcnoside
yahaye,yrgipfobeje,yagerageje
gunbanuracymgatala$aw,zslco ynri ifV
ishingtncymtgura
uznbayuy'tltishinye
cyfttgwnyowmnyeibitncngetso
byry6.,
35.Mu nyandiko ze,C-atl Peter Erlinder anakel$'aho kwangisha l*ta
iriho abat-nrarwandaaho yandibe ko:'172 Raising wch qrcstionsis
impossiblein Rwanda,giwn rhns of genocidedenial " &nd nega*onism
whichme not beingthreateruilto silene politiul undidaAs seelcing
tu oppore
perezida
Kagamein upoming 2ila ebctisns;yerneza
paul
ko ari iturufu
Kagame akoresha agira ngo acecekesheabashakakruiyamamariza ku
rnwanya wa Perezida wa Repubulika y'u Rwamda naho ku nrpapuro
n'ra 42 akerekana ko abayobozi bakuru o"igihugu aribo baryozwa
jenosideayikura ku bapkoze;abigaragazamu kirego we na bagmzi be
baslryikirije urukiko bise"c-ontplsintwith lury Demandin the tlnitrd Sfrtc
District &urt for tlw wesbrn District of oklahotna",muiiina rya Madane
llabyarimana Juv€nal na Madame Ntaryamira eyprien
barega
abayobozi bakuru b'Igihugu, yandagazaabayobozi o''Igihugu agira ati
!'Both Kagameqnd RPA beartespotuibiutT
for *teir scspeanit exbnt,and tlu
mnspiracyto aooid responsihility
for ttuir own simes tlnt continw to (ay
"[
36.Muri uwo mugambi wo kwangisha abanyar-nranda
ubuyobozi,carl
Peter Erlinder mu ibaruwa ubwe yandikiye prime Minister Harper
(canada) akayiba:'Regtding stnteaisit of atnent presidentof Rutanda",
tariki ya 6/a/2a06,yemeje kof'Kngame Regrmeis the ma.st wprzssiae
renvh
RONPJ0678/t0lKigNM
ICYEMEZO
CY'URUKIKO
RDP03I2/to/Tct/csBo
il
military dic'tatorshipin Africn'abishyira kuri internet n ahandi hose
hari
public ni ulcrrrrangisha
abaturageubuyobozi cyane iyo kubishyira kuri
internet n'ahandi hose hari public,ibikorwa
biteganywa kandi
higahanirwa ingingo y'j 166 y'Itegeko-Teka n"2l/77
ryo ku wa
78/8/7977lishyiratro igitabo cy'a;r,ategekoaha.naiteganya ko:
Ira$p, u.zaln vhralu nli za dislatru n"l.tgiyenm n$rnfr cyrngun ahantu
h'urufurans,atrifuyondikoz'uhtoakolwasez,i*wsltini, r,nast,,thocyangaxr
ibimerryetn by'annko yose, bimmritxtw, bitonzun, bigrzux ,ynigruo
wgtilishijzwryffigptr bislryrizauntu nt&wya rubaidfl, ali ukrwmmttnznnkana
iWhala okngowesha
qaflgura
fugonns:hnnfuanda anwngishn
uhuhgetsibulilu, agateracvan#u&alagerag,uza
guteruinnsttntnt mu bah,troge
aslwka ko bazantbimwnw, agnreraru.banrlahhtgwndn nslwka fufuutsa
itttidttgdrmonuli fuputiulika,amlnnishw igif mgo.orcaru wyakaibili tttqeza
hr ianni n'ilnmlnt y'anufirangaluua ht ibiltambi hihili fugeznht wtinfii
ijana, cyanguwkinnoeg*a na/ri ibyo bihnno,alilco hidntortbandyeibituno
Urushijeln guftrmnabyateganijawntandi mntegeko
y' iki gitaboq, ibihano
_,;
37'Nkuko
Srsinso - z'amategeko nmarc kugaragazw+ib,ikonva
bihalimzg bigbe ibyaha
cart pehr Erlind&
akekwa ro,ba
yarakoze,byagaragarijwe impamvu zikomeye zituma akekwa
kuba
yarabikoze bttyo
bit grry*" n,ingingo ya yJ /itegeko 7g/Z0M
*$:
ryo kuwa LZ/-A!(ZW ryekeye imiburarlishirid yrilna
r]1g!!{{yana
dk'uko- ryatrincuwe kandi rikuzuzura nlitegeko
n"20/20M ryo ku wa D,/4/2006 ko;
icyoruntastiwra
y'urabdnza*oetwhmi impantw,i,arrrry, iittwskinjaf*ra;
-guhnisha
*:y.Ty
cyalu ashinjwalalcnba
yateganyinje
igrpry
.yry lnategel@.
cy'imyalaibiri nibura."ibyaha
byomLiat*nvlho igr"&"yr"i*.
iffhuio
cy'ibanzegito akabaari icy,imyakaibiri;
38.C-arIPets Erlinder kimwe n,abamwunganira basaba gukurikiranwa
k"
ngingoya 87 y'iregeko
:3*ffi"_1T: kr, wa,r7
:y.:v.:^lTheye-ku
s/zp.a
ryerel9reim$";isihi nzny,imanza,
/
:;i1{?:,t_ry.:
ry^ahinduwe
:*H:ly{ra
::Y?:y"..^ryo
ahtikimnuta
ru"ai ,ik;;;,,teit
$'uko
ku wa n/4/20a6 iteganya ko:<<.tltcetamho
W*;
y,urubanm
*ngu z'i*gurwarya-dosiye
cy*gwafuW
ftpairou
:Y*,tr
z'wnutekano
u,e cyangarauw'iggrugu,ati*boro
grrtiii€i ;#-'";
ir.
:'r :
;
RONPJ0678/10/KigNM
ICYSMEZ-O
CY'I'RUKIKO
RDP03l2/t0ffcr/csBo
tgrrr fh
v-"ltlriV cynngwase ntu bihe bimtw na bimrae,gufungwa
by'agateganyo
h&trikifie amahegelo.
. ...>;
39.Kuba carl Peter Erlinder yararwaye kandi akaba yarasuaumwe na
mugangaibi byemejwe nnuri
"Hospital DischargeForm> yahawe ku wa
B/6/7-a1.0 mun King Faysal Hospital,Kigali,ariko *ug"ogu akaba
ataremeieisano iri hagati y'ifutwa rfifungr,t'a rye n'uburwali yarafite
ndetse ko ntaho yagaragqF ko gufungwa krve byagrra ingaruka
zidasar,uweku buzima bwe dore ko nta kimuvutsa uburenganzira bwe
bwo kuvuzwa igihe cyosebyabangombwa naho kuba ari muzabukuru
nabyo atari impamvu yakwitruaea btgo ifturgunva basaba
ryatx-
ryryqTlite n'ibiteganywan'ingingoya 93y'itegekor3/zfCI4,
ryo io*"
try 95/ ?W ryekeyeimiburanishiriz
e t' imatrz.a
I'insrrinlabyatri nk'uko
ryahinduwekandi riluzuzwa n'itegekono20/2aa6ryoIil uiaz2/a/2006
tyayurye harugurun{etsen'iya % yaryoiteganyako
"lllan"l:ciianyweho
icynlw-af b irnpanmn z ilCIn
vye zimulunryaicyaha,ishabarfl
gufungu n "nrbere
n'iyo icyo !_ahoztbasnnay iryot* mnategeliyiteganyinje
q'rYry
kitlsez.e
ht nryakaibin Q),nrita kirenzcukawi tni**,-nibi bfini1a
lsifungg
koyncila,nibaumwirowlsrowe.utanrricyangw u.shfulil&rwaho,qlaflgun
se
,y ryn iwpmnva
z'iniltoneknimi,e
zigottrhu
funrufunfishinfuere
"iYn-ql,
y'urabanza
ktfurnko
ndnfmwx,bynbmhryngnraia
mugilruga,:
1'-Iyo.-.ifunpn r1r'lgategnryoari ban buryo au,inEie bwo gutnnn
ufrikiryty-uv adas!1m.gqnyn
ibinunyehocynngwas ngo yotx-igitutu
tY?ystylr^ny a n'abr*orannicynhacysngL'a* 1nbahouutiunia*ane7ug att
y'nb*rtrikiranwe
n'fuyitso
UyiUo;
2" Iyo tryofirngry ari
burv?bwonyine
tuao
ra^riida.
ufurikirarypnibwo
lao
zfinubowra
fgilw
$1tunainagoz'tibuttiltera
zinnteneye,
-kitwgera - bwogutttiu tryaha
qlugarurc - glnn$tn
*
grrsobita,n*o ;
3o lyo icyalu *urikije uburemere
hnacyo,uburyu
tyoi&*emo n'inhrkizi
cyabye,Eatuntye
hahah
o inddugarnro
idnsannae
n ilwngabana
ry,unntderulczo
rusange
tfungoa_ry'ngabgonyo
nkaha
m'i
baa'bury,
6r*uyitu btpo
-bi$o
gy,*
bilngmnm.r,
ibyarondowe muri iyi rging bigieJipfunc{o
ldepe
z'ubushinjaryaha
cyane ko ushin]wa- atabarizwa ffru
fimpungenge
Rwanda kandi asaba gusubira muri u.s,A. bitera impungenge ko
irelcurwa rye ryabangamira iperereza ku byaha nk'ibi bigira inganika ku
Rwandan'abarufuye;
hi
tl
r1eo/x
RONPJ0678/10/KisNM
ICYEMEZO
CY'URUKIKO
RDPO3I?JIOITCYGSEO
t3
IV.ISEMEZO CY'URUKTKO
3g.Rwemejeko impamvu Ubushinjacyahabufata nKizikomeye kandi
zituma carl Peter Erlinder akelanraho
ibyaha byo guhakanano gupfobya
jenosidendebe n'icyo gukwirakwiza ibuhuha bishobora
$hungabanya
urnutekanou/a,banyarwandazifib ishingiro;
40.Rwemejeko c-arl PetierErlinder afungwa by'agateganyo mu gihe
cy'imirsi S0muri gerez,ankukobyasobanuriweishingiroj
4l,Rutegetse ko carl Peter Erlinder afungwa bt'agateganyo mu gihe
cy'irninsi 30 rruri gerc?ai
42.Rwibnldieko kujuririra iki cyemezoari iminsi 5;
Nuko byemejwe lbndi iki cyemezogisomoue mu ruhame none ku wa
a7/ 6/2070 n'unrkiko rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo,rugizwen'umrlcamanza
wanbrlranishije afashiiwen'umwanditsi.
Umucamanza
Upwanditsi
MBISHIBISHI Maurice
NKURMNGOMA JeanDamascdne
s
s€
TRANSMISSION SHEET
FOR FILING OF DOGUilIETIITS
WITH GMS
l,nitrd t{{?ti*r$
&ali*nsllttias
COURTMANAGEMENT
SECTION
( tI.27 of theDireclive
forthe Registry)
I . GE]IERAL INFORTATION
by the Ghamberc /
TrialChamber
I
N. M. Diallo
TrialChamber
ll
R. N. Kouambo
F. A. Talon
(AppealsffeamlV)
TheProsecutor
vs. Aloys ntaUalarze
TrialChamberlll
C. K. Hometowu
AppealsChamber
/ TheHague
K. K. A. Afande
R. Muzigo-Morrison
GaseNumber: 1g1R-leTR€Sa1.A
Transmitted:
11June2fi 0
Document's
date:7 June 2010
OriginalLanguage: ! English
I French
X XinyanvanOa
"TheHighCourtof Gasa
and Releasein the caseRpGR}T$tlltKgton ....06/07
t2O1;....
original
version
and
an
otficlal
translation
for the use by the AppealsChamber
-Kinyarwanda
in Ntabakuzecasg in relationto peter Erlinder,sincarcerationin Rwanda
ClassificationLevel:
TRIMDocument
Type:
n ExParte
I lndictment tr Warrant ! Correspondence fl Submission
fromnon-parties
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UnderSeal fl Decision ! fffiOavit E Noticeof Appeal E Submission
fromparties
n Confidential
flDisclosure n order
I AppealBook
flAccused particulars
I Judgement ! Motion ! Boof of Authorities
II . TRA]ISLATIO]I STATUS 01{ THE FILTNGDATE
the Ghambers /
cMs SHALLtakenecessaryactio@
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materialis providedin annexto facilitatetranslation.
I Reference
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tr I!!g PartyherebysubmitsBOTHthe originaland the translatedversionfor filing,as follows:
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fJ ritingPartywiil be submittingthe transtatedversion(s)in duecoursein
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KTroIv FILL Iil THE BoxEs BELow
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