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41BEB5 300131Z /38
O 3001302 APR 94
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6063
INFO JOINT STAFF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY DHAKA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
USMISSION GENEVA
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE
CONFIDENTIALSECTION 01 OF 04 USUN NEW YORK 001817
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USUN N 01817 01 OF 04 3001302
WHITEHOUSE PASS NSC FOR D. CLARK, S. RICE AND D.STEINBERG;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
PARIS FOR PERLOW
E.0.12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: MARR, PINS, PHUM, EAID, PREL, MOPS, UNSC, RW
SUBJECT: NEXT STEPS ON RWANDA - APRIL 29
REF: A) USUN/DEPT FAX 4/28, B) USUN/DEPT FAX 4/29, C)
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE
REVIEW AUTHORITY: JOHN L MILLS
DATE/CASE ID: 05 NOV 2008 200103014
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
STATE 112362, D) STATE 112320
1.
CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT.
2. ACTION REQUEST: SEE PARA 14 FOR A LIST OF THE
SPECIFIC QUESTIONS WASHINGTON MUST ADDRESS MOST URGENTLY.
3. SUMMARY: THE SECURITY COUNCIL MET APRIL 28 AND 29
TO DISCUSS WHAT TO DO ABOUT RWANDA. THE CZECHS PUT
FORWARD A DRAFT STATEMENT BLAMING THE GOR FOR GENOCIDE
(REF A). THIS WAS SUBSTANTIALLY TONED DOWN, AND OTHER
ELEMENTS WERE ADDED (REF B). DISCUSSION WILL CONTINUE
AT 4 PM APRIL 29 ON THAT TEXT. SOME MEMBERS (FRANCE,
DJIBOUTI, CHINA) ARE OPPOSED TO A STATEMENT AND TO
POINTING THE FINGER AT THE GOR. THE COUNCIL PRESIDENT
WANTS TO ISSUE THE STATEMENT APRIL 29, AS THE PRESIDENCY
OF THE COUNCIL PASSES FROM NEW ZEALAND TO NIGERIA ON MAY
1, AND MOMENTUM WILL BE LOST DURING THE SWITCH.
4.
SUMMARY CONTINUED: THE AFRICAN GROUP AT THE UN IS
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SETTING UP A "CONTACT GROUP" TO EXPLORE POSSIBLE
ACTIONS. THEY HAVE SUGGESTED THAT THE OAU MIGHT SEND A
CONTINGENT OF POLICE AND TROOPS TO RWANDA, IF THEY COULD
GET FINANCIAL AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT. THEY ALSO SUGGEST A
PREVENTIVE DEPLOYMENT TO BURUNDI. THE IDEA OF AN ARMS
EMBARGO AGAINST RWANDA RECEIVED A GOOD DEAL OF SUPPORT,
BUT QUESTIONS OF HOW TO ENFORCE IT AROSE. END SUMMARY.
DRAFT STATEMENT
5. THE COUNCIL HELD DISCUSSIONS THURSDAY AFTERNOON AND
FRIDAY MORNING ON A DRAFT STATEMENT FOR RWANDA, AND WILL
CONTINUE FRIDAY AFTERNOON. THE FIRST TWO DRAFTS WERE
FAXED TO IO/UNP, IO/PHO AND AF/c (REFS A AND B).
SUBSEQUENT DRAFTS WILL BE FAXED TO DEPT, AND FINAL TEXT
(IF ANY) WILL BE CABLED TO ALL ADDRESSEES. THERE IS A
GOOD DEAL OF CONTROVERSY ABOUT WHETHER, AND TO WHAT
EXTENT, TO ATTRIBUTE BLAME TO RWANDAN GOVERNMENT FORCES
FOR THE MASSACRES AGAINST CIVILIANS. IF A COMPROMISE ON
THIS POINT CANNOT BE REACHED, THE ENTIRE STATEMENT MIGHT
BE SCUTTLED. SOME DELEGATIONS HAVE SUGGESTED REWORKING
THE STATEMENT INTO A RESOLUTION. (COMMENT: STATEMENTS
CAN ONLY BE ISSUED WITH THE CONSENSUS OF THE COUNCIL.
RWANDA, AS A MEMBER OF THE COUNCIL, ALONG WITH FRANCE,
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
ITS PATRON, CAN BLOCK CONSENSUS. A RESOLUTION REQUIRES
A VOTE. RWANDA WOULD HAVE TO VOTE AGAINST OR ABSTAIN,
REVEALING ITS DIPLOMATIC ISOLATION. FRANCE WOULD LIKELY
BE SHAMED INTO VOTING IN FAVOR OF A RESOLUTION. END
COMMENT.) THE ARMS EMBARGO PARAGRAPH WILL PROBABLY BE
STRENGTHENED TO INCLUDE AN IMMEDIATE CALL ON ALL PARTIES
TO REFRAIN FROM ARMS TRANSFERS TO RWANDA. THE RWANDAN
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USUN N 01817 01 OF 04 300130Z
PERMREP, AMB BIZIMANA, SPOKE UP IN APRIL 29
CONSULTATIONS FOR THE FIRST TIME IN DAYS, TO ARGUE
AGAINST BLAMING THE RGF FOR CIVILIAN MASSACRES AND
AGAINST AN ARMS EMBARGO.
AFRICAN IDEAS
6. IN APRIL 28 INFORMALS, NIGERIAN AMB. GAMBARI RELAYED
THAT THE REGIONAL AFRICA GROUP AT THE UN HELD A MEETING
THAT MORNING, AND SUPPORTED SEVERAL STEPS THAT COULD BE
TAKEN ON RWANDA. A) THEY WILL RECOMMEND TO THE OAU
DEPLOYMENT OF A MIXED CONTINGENT OF POLICE AND TROOPS.
NIGERIA POINTED OUT THAT ANY SUCH OAU DEPLOYMENT WOULD
REQUIRE OUTSIDE SUPPORT, SINCE THE OAU HAS FEW
RESOURCES. B) BURUNDI IS TENSE, AND THEY RECOMMEND A
PREVENTIVE DEPLOYMENT, AS WAS DONE IN MACEDONIA. C)
THEY RECOMMEND AN EMERGENCY MEETING OF THE OAU CENTRAL
MECHANISM FOR CONFLICT RESOLUTION (CMCR) AT THE FONMIN
LEVEL. D) THEY SUGGEST THE OAU CMCR COORDINATE THE
PEACEMAKING EFFORTS OF REGIONAL LEADERS. E) THEY AGREE
A CEASEFIRE IS THE HIGHEST PRIORITY, SINCE IT WOULD
CREATE THE NECESSARY ATMOSPHERE FOR A HALT TO THE
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41BEBF 300131Z /38
O 300130Z APR 94
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6064
INFO JOINT STAFF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY DHAKA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
USMISSION GENEVA
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 02 OF 04 USUN NEW YORK 001817
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USUN N 01817 02 OF 04 300131Z
WHITEHOUSE PASS NSC FOR D. CLARK, S. RICE AND D.STEINBERG;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
PARIS FOR PERLOW
E.0.12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: MARR, PINS, PHUM, EAID, PREL, MOPS, UNSC, RW
SUBJECT: NEXT STEPS ON RWANDA - APRIL 29
SLAUGHTER AND A RETURN TO LAW AND ORDER. F) THEY WILL
SET UP A SMALL "CONTACT GROUP" IN NEW YORK TO EXPLORE
UNCLASSIFIED
FURTHER ISSUES.
UNCLASSIFIED
7. GAMBARI ALSO STRESSED THAT THERE WERE TWO DIFFERENT
LEVELS OF FIGHTING IN RWANDA. ONE WAS THE MILITARY
HOSTILITIES BETWEEN THE RGF AND THE RPF, WHICH COULD BE
ADDRESSED THROUGH AN EVENTUAL CEASEFIRE. THE OTHER WAS
THE SLAUGHTER OF INNOCENT CIVILIANS, WHICH WOULD NOT BE
AFFECTED BY A CEASEFIRE. THE SECOND LEVEL OF VIOLENCE
ALSO NEEDED COUNCIL ATTENTION. ALTHOUGH NOT MENTIONED
DURING THE COUNCIL CONSULTATIONS, NIGERIAN COUNSELOR
INFORMED USUN POLOFF THAT THEY WOULD LIKE A FULL-SCALE,
FORMAL SC DEBATE INVOLVING AFRICAN AND OTHER FOREIGN
MINISTERS, ON THE ISSUE OF RWANDA, SIMILAR TO THE RECENT
EXTENDED DEBATE ON BOSNIA.
REACTIONS
8. USUN DEPUTY PERMREP WALKER FOLLOWED UP ON SOME OF
THESE IDEAS APRIL 29. WALKER INQUIRED WHETHER A
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PREVENTIVE DEPLOYMENT IN BURUNDI WOULD BE AN EXPANSION
OF THE EXISTING OAU FORCE OF 47 MEN, OR WHETHER IT WOULD
BE A SEPARATE UN FORCE. HE ALSO ASKED WHETHER THE GOB'S
OBJECTION TO A LARGER FORCE HAS BEEN REMOVED. NIGERIAN
AMB. GAMBARI IMPLIED THAT THE "CONTACT GROUP" MEETING
LATER APRIL 29 WOULD LOOK INTO THAT QUESTION. FOLLOWING
THE MEETING, NIGERIAN COUNSELOR INDICATED THAT THEY HAD
NOT/NOT YET BEEN IN TOUCH WITH THE GOB TO SEE IF
PREVENTIVE DEPLOYMENT WOULD BE ACCEPTABLE, BUT THAT THEY
WOULD PURSUE THIS QUESTION IMMEDIATELY. HE ALSO
CLARIFIED THAT AN AFRICAN DEPLOYMENT OF TROOPS AND
POLICE TO RWANDA TO PROTECT POCKETS OF CIVILIANS AND
HELP RESTORE LAW AND ORDER WOULD PROBABLY NOT BE UNDER
UNAMIR AUSPICES. THEREFORE NO REDEFINITION OF UNAMIR'S
MANDATE WOULD BE REQUIRED.
9. RUSSIAN AMB. VORONTSOV STRONGLY CRITICIZED THE
"TIMID LITTLE STEPS" THE COUNCIL HAS TAKEN SO FAR. HE
POINTEDLY MENTIONED THAT THE COUNCIL WAS PREPARED TO GO
SO FAR AS TO USE AIR POWER TO PROTECT CIVILIANS IN ONE
REGION, WHEREAS IT DID NOTHING IN ANOTHER. HE LAMENTED
THAT NO COLLECTIVE OR INDIVIDUAL ACTION TO STOP THE
SLAUGHTER WAS BEING CONTEMPLATED. SPANISH AMB. BAR
NUEVO SUGGESTED THE SECRETARIAT SHOULD BE COMPILING
INFORMATION SYSTEMATICALLY ON WHO WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
VIOLATIONS OF HUMANITARIAN LAW. CZECH PERMREP SAID HE
SPOKE WITH UN HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHT AYALA
LASSO APRIL 28, AND THAT HCHR WAS FOCUSSING ON RWANDA.
OMAN RECOMMENDED SETTING UP SAFE AREAS FOR CIVILIANS.
THERE WAS VIRTUAL UNANIMITY THAT WHATEVER EFFORTS WERE
MADE BY THE UN, THE OAU, AND VARIOUS REGIONAL LEADERS
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USUN N 01817 02 OF 04 300131Z
NEEDED TO BE BETTER COORDINATED.
ARMS SHIPMENTS
10. POLOFF MENTIONED THE POINTS IN REF C TO UN DPKO
OFFICIALS AND FRENCH POLOFF. DPKO OFFICIAL RIVERO SAID
SHE WOULD ENERGIZE UNOMUR, ON THE UGANDA BORDER, TO
INVESTIGATE. FRENCH POLOFF SAID FRENCH AMBASSADOR
MERIMEE HAD QUERIED PARIS ABOUT ALLEGATIONS OF FRENCH
ARMS SALES TO RWANDA. PARIS UNEQUIVOCALLY DENIED HAVING
SOLD "A SINGLE BULLET" TO RWANDA DURING THE PAST FOUR
YEARS, SINCE 1990.
MEETING WITH RPF
11. AMB WALKER MET APRIL 28 WITH RPF NEW YORK
REPRESENTATIVE CLAUDE DUSAIDI, AT THE LATTER'S REQUEST.
DUSAIDI THANKED THE USG FOR ALL THE ASSISTANCE IT HAS
GIVEN SINCE THE BEGINNING OF THE CONFLICT. HE NOTED
THAT THE CURRENT CONFLICT HAS TWO DIMENSIONS: A) THE
MILITARY CONFLICT BETWEEN THE RGF AND RPF WHICH HAS
RESULTED IN INSIGNIFICANT NUMBERS OF CASUALTIES, AND B)
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41BEC5 300132Z /38
0 300130Z APR 94
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6065
INFO JOINT STAFF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY DHAKA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
USMISSION GENEVA
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 03 OF 04 USUN NEW YORK 001817
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PAGE 02
WHITEHOUSE PASS NSC FOR D. CLARK, S. RICE AND D.STEINBERG;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
PARIS FOR PERLOW
E.0.12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: MARR, PINS, PHUM, RAID, PREL, MOPS, UNSC, RW
SUBJECT: NEXT STEPS ON RWANDA - APRIL 29
THE RGF MASSACRES OF INNOCENT CIVILIANS. THE
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY HAS CALLED FOR A CEASEFIRE,
FOCUSING ONLY ON THE FIRST DIMENSION, SINCE INNOCENT
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
CIVILIANS WOULD NOT BE SAVED BY A CEASEFIRE. HE TERMED
THE KILLINGS "GENOCIDE", AND INDICATED THAT THE RPF KNEW
THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSONS RESPONSIBLE. (COMMENT: THE
RPF HAS ALREADY CONVEYED THAT INFORMATION TO UN HIGH
COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AYALA LASSO. END COMMENT)
DUSAIDI ASKED THAT THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY SET UP AN
INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL TO CONDEMN THE RESPONSIBLE
PARTIES BY NAME AND TAKE PUNITIVE ACTION. HE REALIZED
THIS COULD BE TIME-CONSUMING AND DIFFICULT, BUT STRESSED
THAT GENOCIDE SHOULD NOT BE COMMITTED WITH IMPUNITY.
12. DUSAIDI RELAYED THAT THE RPF SUPPORTS AN ARMS
EMBARGO AGAINST RWANDA, ALTHOUGH IT WOULD NOT KEEP
MACHETES OUT, AND MIGHT NOT BE VERY EFFECTIVE AGAINST
OTHER WEAPONS EITHER. NEVERTHELESS, AN ARMS EMBARGO IS
LONG OVERDUE. AREAS SUCH AS THE STADIUMS, HOTELS AND
CHURCHES WERE CIVILIANS WERE HIDING SHOULD BE DECLARED
UN SAFE AREAS, AND THOSE CIVILIANS PROTECTED. FINALLY,
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THE RPF WOULD PREFER A SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION TO A
STATEMENT. ANB WALKER INFORMED DUSAIDI THAT THE USG WAS
CALLING ON GOR OFFICIALS TO BRING AN END TO MASSACRES OF
CIVILIANS, AND REITERATED THE IMPORTANCE OF A
CEASEFIRE. DUSAIDI EXPLAINED THAT IT WAS DIFFICULT FOR
THE RPF, AFTER DECLARING A UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE IN
ARUSHA EVEN THOUGH THEIR INTERLOCUTORS DID NOT SHOW UP,
TO DECLARE ANOTHER CEASEFIRE. ON APRIL 30, DUSAIDI
ADVISED POLOFF THAT THE RPF WOULD CALL FOR SRSG
BOOH-BOOH'S RECALL. THEY FIND BOOH-BOOH TO BE PARTIAL
TO THE GOR. HOWEVER, THEY ARE PLEASED WITH FORCE
COMMANDER GEN. DALLAIRE.
13. REF D CONTAINED TALKING POINTS TO BE USED WITH GOR
OFFICIALS VISITING PARIS. USUN COULD MAKE THE SAME
POINTS TO RWANDA PERMREP BIZIMANA IN NEW YORK, WHO
APPEARS TO BE PARROTING THE EXTREMIST HUTU POSITION, BUT
WHO ACTS AS THOUGH HE IS REMOVED FROM THE EVENTS IN HIS
COUNTRY.
ISSUES FOR FOLLOW-UP
14. THE DEPARTMENT AND INTERAGENCY GROUP MIGHT WISH TO
FOCUS SOME OF ITS DISCUSSIONS ON THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS, WHICH WILL EVENTUALLY NEED ANSWERS IN NEW
YORK:
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
-- DOES THE POLITICAL WILL EXIST IN WASHINGTON TO
PROVIDE RESOURCES FOR AFRICAN TROOPS WHICH THE OAU MIGHT
DEPLOY TO RWANDA?
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-- SHOULD SAFE AREAS BE DECLARED FOR THE PROTECTION OF
CIVILIANS? IF SO, DO WE APPROVE OF AN OAU FORCE
PROTECTING THOSE SAFE AREAS7
-- DOES THE POLITICAL WILL EXIST TO PUT SOME TEETH INTO
AN ARMS EMBARGO AGAINST RWANDA (E.G. AUTHORIZING
OAU-PROVIDED BOATS, IF SUCH MIGHT BE MADE AVAILABLE, TO
PATROL LAKE KIVU AND INTERDICT SUSPECTED ARMS SHIPMENTS,
OR AUTHORIZING OAU PATROLS OF THE ZAIRE-RWANDA BORDER)?
-- IS THE USG IN FAVOR OF A PREVENTIVE DEPLOYMENT OF
100-200 TROOPS TO BURUNDI? DOES THE USG PREFER
EXPANDING THE OAU FORCE TO ESTABLISHING A UN FORCE?
-- HOW FAR DOES THE USG WISH TO GO IN ADVOCATING THAT
THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY/UN IDENTIFY AND PUNISH THOSE
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ATROCITIES?
-- ARE WE IN FAVOR OF A FORMAL SECURITY COUNCIL DEBATE
ON RWANDA, AT WHICH AFRICAN FOREIGN MINISTERS COULD
EXPRESS THEIR OUTRAGE AND HORROR AT THE ATROCITIES?
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41BEC8 300132Z /38
O 300130Z APR 94
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6066
INFO JOINT STAFF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
SECDEF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE
UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY DHAKA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY NAIROBI PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY KAMPALA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ACCRA
AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
USMISSION GENEVA
USCINCEUR VAIHINGEN GE
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 04 OF 04 USUN NEW YORK 001817
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USUN N 01817 04 OF 04 300131Z
WHITEHOUSE PASS NSC FOR D. CLARK, S. RICE AND D.STEINBERG;
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J3;
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
PARIS FOR PERLOW
E.0.12356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: MARK, PINS, PHUM, EAID, PREL, MOPS, UNSC, RW
SUBJECT: NEXT STEPS ON RWANDA - APRIL 29
-- SHOULD USUN DEMARCHE AMB BIZIMANA, AS A
REPRESENTATIVE OF THE GOR, THAT HE HAS A RESPONSIBILITY
TO DO EVERYTHING POSSIBLE TO BRING AN IMMEDIATE END TO
THE KILLINGS?
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
ALBRIGHT
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